BOROBUDUR TEMPLE INDONESIA

       
Borobudur is indonesia's cultural heritage that has been famous to the whole word this building is the largest buddhist  temple in the word .and designated as one of the  world  cultural heritage by  UNESCO.The unique and arcithecture shape makes everyone want to visit Borobudur temple until  outside the country within the borobudur temple in indonesia.

Borobudur teample loaced in magelang city central java-indonesia  Borobudur temple was founded around the 8th century during the reign of the saiirendra.

# THE HISTORY OF THE FOUNDING OF BOROBUDUR TEMPLE

Estimated to be built in 750 masehi by the syailendra kingdom which at that time embraced Buddhism, the development is very mysterious because humans in the 7th century have not known the high architectural calculations but borobudur built sophisticated architectural calculations, until now none which can explain how the development and history of this Borobudur temple.          

Already many scientists from all over the world are coming but none of them succeeded in revealing the mystery of the development of Borobudur. One of the first questions that made the curious researchers was where the big stones from Borobudur temple came from and how to arrange them with precision and very neat architecture. There is a estimate that the stone comes from Mount Merapi but how to take it from Mount Merapi to the location of the temple because of its location on the hill.

From the historical evidence in the form of identification of the rock fibers and patterns used in the construction of Borobudur temple, as well as several inscriptions around the construction century, it is estimated that the origin of Borobudur Temple was built by Wangsa Syailendra in 50 years. The development is done by several stages, among others :

1. The first stage; Development of multilevel stacking with the design of pyramid ,form 

    However, the carbon analysis shows if the arrangement is then unloaded to  

    berearranged, probably because of design errors so that this stage can not be said of the 

    origin of Borobudur Temple.

2. The second stage; In the second stage, the foundation of Borobudur Temple is widened. 

    The foundation is coupled with two square steps and one circular step. This step is then 

     directly given a large parent stupa.

3. Third phase; The steps above the circle with the second main stupa of the second stage

were dismantled and replaced with three circular steps. Some stupas are mounted at the

top of these steps, one of which is a stupa of a large size (in the center).

4. The fourth stage; It is estimated that there are minor changes in the making of reliefs, the

addition of stairs, and the use of arches above the entrance.

After the Borobudur Temple was completed, some inscriptions say if this temple was later used by Buddhist people of that era as a place of worship and pilgrimage. The use of this temple only takes place in a short time, which is about 150 years. In short the use of this temple is not in accordance with the long development process. This is known to occur due to the massive migration of Buddhist people around the Temple due to the collapse of the House of Syailendra. They are urged by the presence of Hindu people who in quantity are more numerous.

With fewer Buddhists around the area (the current Magelang), Borobudur temple is then deprecated. It is unkempt and partly undermined by people who have not thought about the importance of that historical relic in the future. Because no longer maintained, Borobudur was further damaged by nature. Time dormant long enough to make this magnificent temple overgrown with large trees, buried by ash eruption of mountains around it, and closed lost hidden in the soil.

Borobudur buried in the ground. Whoever the people there never know if under their feet there is a great temple cultural heritage ancestors earlier. But the circumstances changed after about 1814 M, Sir Thomas Stamford Rafless found the old rock debris in large quantities around the region. Sir Thomas Stamford Rafles was the Governor-General of the United Kingdom who led Indonesia during the transition of Dutch colonization to England in 1811 M-1816 M He was considered the first to reveal the origin of the Borobudur Temple which was originally buried in the ground. He ordered his men to dismantle the ground around where he found the old rocks. And sure enough, a huge pile of boulders rose into a gigantic pyramid. Rafless then ordered his subordinates to continue his work, but because of the rush of war this job finally abandoned. In 1835 M, Hartman, the Governor-General of the Netherlands continued the process of appointment of Borobudur Temple which was abandoned by Rafless after England suffered the defeat of war in replicating its colonies of Indonesia. Hartman employed many workers to dismantle and remove all the obstacles that covered the piles of these stones. He was very interested in the temple that he found and seek a thorough cleaning of the debris that littered this temple

Although already cleaned from various kinds of debris, soil, and large wood covered. Borobudur temple has not been perfectly formed. Many parts are missing, and damaged by the swallows of the times. In this case, in 1907-1911 M , under the leadership of Van Erf, the Dutch began to restore the temple that does not look perfect. This loading is still done with conventional technology, and has not yet produced as the original. The restoration of Borobudur temple is only done to the extent of damage-damage further with the migration of fragile rocks collapsed from the origin of Borobudur Temple that was originally neglected. Nevertheless, Erf has been instrumental to the Indonesian nation because they have saved the relics of the Indonesian ancestors from the more severe damage

Busted by political, military, and economic turmoil since the first world war, some governments that had ruled in Indonesia from the Dutch colony, the Japanese colonial government, and the Government of the Republic of Indonesia were no longer concerned with this historical treasure. Borobudur temple is left unattended, neglected, and ignored

As time went by, as the state began to improve, on August 10, 1973 the further restoration was done in the period of President Soeharto's presidency. This restoration evidence is a 20-ton inscription that was deliberately made and placed on the West Sea Temple facing east. Uniquely, the restoration of Borobudur Temple which is under the leadership of Dr. Soekmono is conducted by about 600 workers, most of whom are young and high school graduates and STM buildings who have previously been given education and skills especially on Archeology Chemistry (CA) and Archeology Technology (TA). They are the original sons and daughters of the Indonesian nation, none of which are experts from abroad.

Some parts that were restored from the Borobudur Temple at that time include Rapadhatu (place at the bottom of a square), foot of the temple, Terrace 1, Terrace 2, Terrace 3, and Stupa Mother. With many of these restored parts, the time required for the process is about 10 years. Yes, the restoration was completed on 23 February 1983.

# BOROBUDUR TEMPLE HAS 72 STUPA

The largest stupa is located at the top of the temple while the others surround the stufa down. When scientists draw a borobudur temple scheme, they find strange patterns that lead to the function of borobudur as the sun, the needle is a large shadow of a stupa and falls right in the stupa downstairs but not yet known exactly how the time division is done by using Borobudur temple there is said the clock on the temple of Borobudur shows signs when the time of cultivation or harvest.

# MYSTERY ON THE LAKE OF PURBA LAKE IN BOROBUDUR TEMPLE

lakes emerged when a Dutch artist proposed a theory that formerly the plains of the building where Borobudur stands is a lake

if viewed from above borobudur symbolizes a lotus flower, lotus usually grow on water posture of budha which is at the top of borobudur symbolize lotus sutra which many met in Buddhist manuscript this theory causing quite complicated controversy. Archaeologists found archaeological evidence to prove that the area around Borobudur during the construction of the temple was a dry plain rather than an ancient lake base while geologists instead supported this Dutch artist. They found sediment of silt mud near this research temple in the year 2000 and supports the existence of ancient lakes around Borobudur the evidence shows that the base of the hill near Borobudur once again submerged and became the edge of the lake around the 13th century and the 14th. that's the explanation of Borobudur temple that proves that our ancestors were able to make magnificent works throughout the time may this work awake from generation to generation.

if you go to Indonesia do not forget to pay a visit to Borobudu temple

That is all and thank you,...

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if viewed from above borobudur symbolizes a lotus flower, lotus usually grow on water posture of budha which is at the top of borobudur symbolize lotus sutra which many met in Buddhist manuscript this theory causing quite complicated controversy. Archaeologists found archaeological evidence to prove that the area around Borobudur during the construction of the temple was a dry plain rather than an ancient lake base while geologists instead supported this Dutch artist. They found sediment of silt mud near this research temple in the year 2000 and supports the existence of ancient lakes around Borobudur the evidence shows that the base of the hill near Borobudur once again submerged and became the edge of the lake around the 13th century and the 14th. that's the explanation of Borobudur temple that proves that our ancestors were able to make magnificent works throughout the time may this work awake from generation to generation.